Disegno de' porti e' forti del'Isola de' Malta con la Pianta dela nuova Citta Valetta...

Reference: S37849
Author Nicolas Beatrizet detto BEATRICETTO
Year: 1566 ca.
Zone: Valletta
Printed: Rome
Measures: 282 x 415 mm
€9,000.00

Reference: S37849
Author Nicolas Beatrizet detto BEATRICETTO
Year: 1566 ca.
Zone: Valletta
Printed: Rome
Measures: 282 x 415 mm
€9,000.00

Description

First printed map of the harbor of today's Valletta, depicted according to Francesco Laparelli's project

In the lower right-hand cartouche we read: La sopra detta Citta è, d' Longhezza Canne 500. In circha et di Largezza Canne 300. In Circha. In the upper left cartouche the title with a key-legend: Disegno de porti et forti del’Isola de Malta con la Pianta dela nuova Citta Valetta edifficatta dal’Ill.mo et R.mp Sig.r Gran m[aest]ro. Fra Giovan de Valetta et per l’alphabetto qui sotto annottato si conoscera le cose piu Notabili apertenenti à sudetti luoghi. At the bottom left are the publishing details: Ant. Lafrerij Romae 1566. In the sea, the graphic scale of 6 units, without measure, is designed. Orientation by means of a compass rose with the north-east is at the top.


First printed representation of the harbor and roadstead of today's Valletta, attributed in the literature to Nicolas Beatrizet. This example is dated 1566, the year in which Antonio Lafreri reprinted the original plate (from about 1558, illustrating Bartolomeo Genga's plan of the fortified city) updating it, amending it and adding his own signature. The title is different, and the plate has a new cartouche containing a legend. The citadel is correctly depicted and follows the form drawn by architect Francesco Laparelli.

Example in the second state of four described in Bifolco/Ronca: “Prima rappresentazione a stampa del porto e della rada dell’odierna La Valletta, attribuita dalla letteratura a Nicolas Beatrizet. Della prima stesura dell’opera, con la firma dell’autore, oggi si sono perse le tracce (cfr. Ganado-Schirò p. 135), ma l’esistenza è testimoniata da Almagià (1929) che riferisce di una pianta del porto di Malta, con medesimo titolo, recante in basso a sinistra la firma: Nicolaus beatricius lotharingius fecit e formis suis exc. Pertanto, la pianta può essere analizzata solo attraverso gli esemplari della seconda stesura che, in luogo della firma del Beatricetto, recano l’imprint editoriale: Romae 1563, cum gratia et privilegio. L’opera è stampata a Roma, con tutta probabilità dalla tipografia di Salamanca & Lafreri. Si basa sulla pianta manoscritta del 1558 attribuita a Bartolomeo Genga, un ingegnere militare italiano, che presentò al Gran Maestro Jean de la Valette un originale progetto per una cittadella fortificata da costruire sul promontorio che divideva il golfo. Tuttavia, altri dettagli, come la forma di Castel S. Elmo, sembrano essere desunti da fonti diverse. Ganado sostiene che probabilmente l’incisione sia stata realizzata per promuovere, nel mondo cattolico, una sorta di raccolta di fondi destinati alla costruzione della città fortificata; in cambio di un contributo veniva garantita l’indulgenza del Papa. Il primo stato della lastra, dunque, doveva già rispecchiare il progetto di Genga e fu probabilmente inciso nel 1558, come la pianta di Thionville, città natale del Beatricetto. Nel 1566 Lafreri ristampa la lastra originale, aggiornandola, emendandola e aggiungendo la propria firma. Il titolo è diverso e la tavola è arricchita da un nuovo cartiglio contenente una legenda. La cittadella è rappresentata correttamente e segue la forma disegnata dall’architetto Francesco Laparelli. La lastra fu ereditata da Claudio Duchetti e quindi da Giacomo Gherardi ed è inserita nel catalogo redatto per la sua vedova (17- 19 ottobre 1598, n. 197) dove è descritta come “la città di malta”. Venne acquisita, nel 1602, da Giovanni Orlandi che la ristampò inalterata con la sola aggiunta del proprio imprint. Il rame seguì poi la sorte delle lastre della tipografia Orlandi, che fu acquistata da Hendrik van Schoel e infine da Francesco de Paoli. Pertanto, sebbene non note, sono plausibili ulteriori tirature della lastra” (cfr. Bifolco-Ronca, Cartografia e topografia italiana del XVI secolo, p. 1742).

The events of the island of Malta, the construction of the fortified city, the war against the Turks, and the famous siege of the island constitute a source of great interest in European Renaissance civilization, so much so as to produce a relatively conspicuous literature and, above all, a remarkable iconographic production of the succession of events. The Great Siege of Malta in 1565 represents a milestone in the history of the Maltese islands, and also a turning point in the war between the Christians against the forces of the Ottoman Empire, which ended with the famous Battle of Lepanto in 1571. Despite these two catastrophic defeats, the Turks continued to make incursions along the western Mediterranean coast for the rest of the century, having recaptured Cyprus from the Venetians and Tunis from the Spanish, but the decline of their empire was now announced. The Siege of Malta, which lasted from May to September 1565, was followed with trepidation not only in Naples, Rome and Venice, but also in Vienna, London and Madrid, in Paris, Antwerp and Brussels. News of the slow pace of the besiegers and the desperate defense of the island reached Sicily through letters written by Grand Master Jean de La Valette- Parisot, sketches of battles sent by the Knights of the Order of St. John, and Relationi, written by soldiers or sailors. Scenes and maps of the siege were produced in France, Germany, Spain and Italy to tell in pictures the different phases of Malta's strenuous resistance against the Turkish armed forces. In Italy the main centers of production were Rome and Venice. Given the essentially informative purpose of these works, buyers did not always care about their preservation, which is why they are of incredible rarity today. Albert Ganado, the leading expert on Maltese cartography, lists more than 60 cartographic works on the island, in their various different reprints, concentrated in the very short space of only 10 years.

Nicolas Beatrizet [Beatricetto] born about 1515 in France at Thionville in Lorraine, was a skilled draughtsman and engraver. In Rome as early as 1532, he attended the school of Marcantonio Raimondi and Agostino Veneziano. Beatricetto soon proved adept at the proper balance of lines and points and the rendering of shadows and half-tones, so much so that he became the leader of foreign engravers and Roman ruins. Influenced by Agostino Veneziano and Giorgio Ghisi, Beatricetto chose his models in Raphael and Michelangelo. From 1540 the Lorraine artist worked for Salamanca; from 1541 until 1550 for Tommaso Barlacchi and after 1548 for Antonio Lafreri, who would include many of his engravings in the Speculum Romane Magnificentiae.

Etching and engraving, printed on contemporary laid paper with watermark “Fleur-de-lys in a shield with six-pointed star” (Woodward nn. 115-118), with margins added, light abrasions on verso, otherwise in perfect condition.

Magnificent example of this very rare broadsheet.

Bibliografia

Bifolco-Ronca Cartografia e topografia italiana del XVI secolo, p. 1742, n. 880, III/IV; Alberti (2009): n. 21; Almagià (1929): n. 33a; Ganado (2003): pp. 366-368 e 389-391, nn. 14, 34-35, tavv. 110, 131-132; Ganado-Schirò (2016): pp. 135-146, fig. 30; Tooley (1939): nn. 361, 375.

Nicolas Beatrizet detto BEATRICETTO Thionville 1515 circa - Roma 1565

Nicola or Niccolò Beatricetto, or Beatrice or Beatici or Beatricius or Nicolas Beatrizet Lotharingus according to the original name, was born in 1515 in Thionville, in the French region of Lorraine. He worked as drawer and engraver. He moved to Rome between 1532 and 1540 to study in the studio of Marcantonio and Agostino Veneziano. From the very beginning, he showed his peculiar sense of equilibrium for lines, shadows, tones and he became the leader of foreign engravers and artists in Rome. Under the influence of Agostino Veneziano and Giorgio Ghisi, Beatricetto picked up Raphael and Michelangelo as models for his work. He worked for Salamanca (1540-1541), for Tommaso Barlacchi (1541-1550) and Lafrery (1548) who eventually added some of his work to his Speculum. He essentially engraved reproductions of famous works, with sacred scenes and mythological subjects, buildings and palaces of his times. He died in Rome in 1565. The states of the second half of XVI century bear the names of Claude Duchet and heirs, Paolo Graziani, Pietro dè Nobili; in the XVII century those of Giovanni Orlandi, Philippe Thomassin, Gio.Giacomo dè Rossi “alla pace” and Giovan battista dè Rossi “a piazza Navona”; in the XVIII century that of Carlo Losi. Bartsch lists 108 prints under his name, Robert-Dumesnil 114 and Passavant 120.

Nicolas Beatrizet detto BEATRICETTO Thionville 1515 circa - Roma 1565

Nicola or Niccolò Beatricetto, or Beatrice or Beatici or Beatricius or Nicolas Beatrizet Lotharingus according to the original name, was born in 1515 in Thionville, in the French region of Lorraine. He worked as drawer and engraver. He moved to Rome between 1532 and 1540 to study in the studio of Marcantonio and Agostino Veneziano. From the very beginning, he showed his peculiar sense of equilibrium for lines, shadows, tones and he became the leader of foreign engravers and artists in Rome. Under the influence of Agostino Veneziano and Giorgio Ghisi, Beatricetto picked up Raphael and Michelangelo as models for his work. He worked for Salamanca (1540-1541), for Tommaso Barlacchi (1541-1550) and Lafrery (1548) who eventually added some of his work to his Speculum. He essentially engraved reproductions of famous works, with sacred scenes and mythological subjects, buildings and palaces of his times. He died in Rome in 1565. The states of the second half of XVI century bear the names of Claude Duchet and heirs, Paolo Graziani, Pietro dè Nobili; in the XVII century those of Giovanni Orlandi, Philippe Thomassin, Gio.Giacomo dè Rossi “alla pace” and Giovan battista dè Rossi “a piazza Navona”; in the XVIII century that of Carlo Losi. Bartsch lists 108 prints under his name, Robert-Dumesnil 114 and Passavant 120.