Charta Cosmographica, cum Ventorum Propria Natura et Operatione
| Reference: | s24212 |
| Author | Gemma FRISIUS |
| Year: | 1553 |
| Zone: | The World |
| Printed: | Antwerpen |
| Measures: | 275 x 190 mm |
€2,300.00
| Reference: | s24212 |
| Author | Gemma FRISIUS |
| Year: | 1553 |
| Zone: | The World |
| Printed: | Antwerpen |
| Measures: | 275 x 190 mm |
€2,300.00
Description
A scarce and interesting woodblock map on a truncated cordiform (heart-shaped) projection surrounded by a vividly engraved border of windheads, mythical figures and clouds.
Amongst these gargoyle images are three cadaverous heads blowing the supposedly plague-carrying southerly winds.
The map is said to have been based on one, now lost, by Gemma Frisius and was published in Peter Apian's "Cosmographia".
Peter Apian, also known by his Latin name Petrus Apainus, was a professor of mathematics and was known as a great astronomer. These skills combined with his interest in geography led to the establishment of his own printing press in Landshut. Apian's textbook Cosmographicus Liber was first published in 1524. The fourth edition (1529) and later editions were edited by his pupil Gemma Frisius, who inserted his own world map in the 1545 publication.
Three very similar woodblock versions of the map are noted, the first published in 1544 with this being the second, identified by the addition of names for Europe, England and Scotland. It is one of the earliest obtainable maps to show a complete, although very narrowed, outline for the entire New World.
The second state of this World map which first appeared in the 1544 in Apian's Cosmographia, which was based on a larger map of the world prepared by Gemma Frisius in 1540 in Louvain, of which there is no known example according to Shirley (Entry 82). The map includes a Northwest passage, above which is a fascinating Asian projection. North America, called Baccalearum for its Cod fisheries. The narrow Straits of Magellan represent the only passage between South America and an understated Southern Continent.
The map is embellished by sea monsters, mermaids, windheads, etc. An excellent example of a cordiform world map.
A fine example with great later hand colour, wide margins, perfectly repaired areas in the Pacific, else a nice example.
Bibliografia
R. W. Shirley, The Mapping of the World, n. 96.
Gemma FRISIUS (Dokkum 1508-1555)
|
Gemma Frisius (born Jemme Reinerszoon) was a physician, mathematician, cartographer, philosopher, and instrument maker. He created important globes, improved the mathematical instruments of his day and applied mathematics in new ways to surveying and navigation.
He was born in Dokkum, Friesland (present-day Netherlands) of poor parents, who died when he was young. He moved to Groningen and studied at the University in Leuven beginning in 1525. He received the degree of MD in 1536 and remained on the faculty of medicine in Leuven for the rest of his life. His oldest son, Cornelius Gemma, edited a posthumous volume of his work and continued to work with Ptolemaic astrological models.
While still a student, Frisius set up a workshop to produce globes and mathematical instruments. He became noted for the quality and accuracy of his instruments, which were praised by Tycho Brahe, among others. In 1533, he described for the first time the method of triangulation still used today in surveying. Twenty years later, he was the first to describe how an accurate clock could be used to determine longitude. Jean-Baptiste Morin (1583–1656) did not believe that Frisius' method for calculating longitude would work, remarking, "I do not know if the Devil will succeed in making a longitude timekeeper but it is folly for man to try."[2]
Frisius created or improved many instruments, including the cross-staff, the astrolabe and the astronomical rings. His students included Gerardus Mercator (who became his collaborator), Johannes Stadius, John Dee, Andreas Vesalius and Rembert Dodoens.
|
Gemma FRISIUS (Dokkum 1508-1555)
|
Gemma Frisius (born Jemme Reinerszoon) was a physician, mathematician, cartographer, philosopher, and instrument maker. He created important globes, improved the mathematical instruments of his day and applied mathematics in new ways to surveying and navigation.
He was born in Dokkum, Friesland (present-day Netherlands) of poor parents, who died when he was young. He moved to Groningen and studied at the University in Leuven beginning in 1525. He received the degree of MD in 1536 and remained on the faculty of medicine in Leuven for the rest of his life. His oldest son, Cornelius Gemma, edited a posthumous volume of his work and continued to work with Ptolemaic astrological models.
While still a student, Frisius set up a workshop to produce globes and mathematical instruments. He became noted for the quality and accuracy of his instruments, which were praised by Tycho Brahe, among others. In 1533, he described for the first time the method of triangulation still used today in surveying. Twenty years later, he was the first to describe how an accurate clock could be used to determine longitude. Jean-Baptiste Morin (1583–1656) did not believe that Frisius' method for calculating longitude would work, remarking, "I do not know if the Devil will succeed in making a longitude timekeeper but it is folly for man to try."[2]
Frisius created or improved many instruments, including the cross-staff, the astrolabe and the astronomical rings. His students included Gerardus Mercator (who became his collaborator), Johannes Stadius, John Dee, Andreas Vesalius and Rembert Dodoens.
|