The Large Miseries of War - Plate 4

Etching, 1633, from the Large Miseries of War.

Second state, dated 1633 (in the title page) and with the plate numbered.

A very good impression, printed on contemporary laid paper, with “hunting horn” watermark (Lieure 47), with margins, very good condition.

Callot etched two series of prints illustrating the miseries of the war. The first, in a smaller format and therefore called the Small Miseries of War, consist of six prints, which Callot etched ca. 1632. The Small Miseries are usually treated as a preliminary sketches for the more famous Large Miseries.

Les Grandes Misères et Malheurs de la Guerre, issued in 1633, during the course of the pan-European conflict known as the Thirty Years War, with a royal privilege from Louis XIII. The series consist of 18 etchings, included the title pahe.

The size of the etched images is quite small, 113-115 x 51-57 mm; this would compel a viewer to examine them in close physical proximity, so as to be able to see each print clearly. Their wide, shallow rectangular shape creates an elongation of the pictorial field that promotes a scanning mode of viewing. Moreover, the text below the image, also oriented horizontally, enforces this directional viewing as the eye moves across the printed sheet from left to right. The broad, full landscape pictured in each image draws attention to the general actions of a large number of people as opposed to a few detailed figures. The landscapes and the people within them bear no obvious markers of national specificity or identity. In fact, the lack of these kinds of referents allows the print series to examine the nature of warfare in general, without recourse to the sorts of polemic questions normally taken up by propagandistic images from the period

Except the titlepage, each plate is accompanied by six lines of verse, in the form of three rhyming couplets, attribued to Michel de Marolles, Abbé de Villeloin. It seems reasonable since the Abbé was a prolific poet and print collector, who owned, in fact, some 1648 prints by Callot.
The series begins with three plates depicting war in the narrow sense of the word: the title page, which shows the emblems of war, the “Enlisting of the Troops”, and “The Battle”.

The next five print, 4-8, show show crimes committed by soldiers: the pillage of an inn, of an house, of a cloister, of a village, and attack on travelers.

The next print, numbered 9, illustrates the capture of the soldier-marauders.
It is followed by five prints, 10-14, showing the punishments of these soldiers: by strappado, hanging, firing squad, pyre, and wheel.

Three prints, 15-17, illustrating misfortunes of soldiers come next: sick and wounded refuge, dying on the road, and a vengeful attack by peasants.

The last print, 18, showing the distribution of awards to soldiers.

Callot’s prints are characterized by clear daylight, wide-angle perspective, meticulous drawing, and figures who display little emotion.